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SAT寫作要注意的標(biāo)點符號

2025-06-26 11:29:06 來源:中國教育在線

1 .逗號-----請遵循以下 4 大規(guī)則:

1). 用逗號分開系列成分。如果有 2 個以上相同成分,則應(yīng)用逗號分開;例如:

My recipe for buttermilk biscuits contains flour, soda and buttermilk.

2). 使用逗號來分開插入從句和短語;例如:

Gordon, who is a writer by profession, bakes an excellent cheesecake.

3). 在引導(dǎo)性分詞或介詞短語后使用逗號;例如:

After the banquet, Harold and Martha went dancing.

4). 利用逗號來分開連詞連接的獨立從句。例如:

Susan’s old car has been belching blue smoke from the tailpipe for two weeks, but it has not broken down yet.

2 .分號-----請遵循以下 2 大規(guī)則:

1). 使用分號而不是并列連詞來連接兩個含義緊密的獨立從句;例如:

Whooping cranes are an endangered species; they are unlikely to survive if we continue to pollute.

2). therefore 、 nevertheless 和 moreover 等詞連接的獨立從句可用分號隔開。例如:

The staff meeting has been postponed until next Thursday; therefore, I will be unable to get approval for my project until then.

3 .冒號-----請遵循以下 3 大規(guī)則:

1). 在正式的寫作中,冒號的作用僅在于表明其后是對前面所述內(nèi)容的詳細(xì)說明、定義、解釋或過去發(fā)生事情的概述。冒號之前一般是獨立從句,并且通常情況下有 as follows 、 the following 、 namely 或 like 等提示短語。例如:

正確: Your instructions are as follows: read the passage carefully, answer the questions on the last page, and turn over your answer sheet.

2). 動詞和直接賓語間不要放冒號。例如:

錯誤: I want: a slice of pizza and a small green salad.

正確: This is what I want: A slice of pizza and a small green salad.

3). 如果前后兩句話有如上所述的緊密關(guān)系,即使沒有上述表示這層關(guān)系的短語,也可使用冒號,并且在這種情況下,句號也可用。例如:

正確: We were aghast: The “charming country inn” that had been advertised in such glowing terms proved to be a leaking cabin full of mosquitoes.

4 .連字符號和破折號-----請遵循以下 7 大規(guī)則:

1). 行末單詞分開時使用連字符號。例如:

正確: In this incredible canvas, the artist used only monochromatic elements.

2). 表示 21-99 這些數(shù)字和用作形容詞的分?jǐn)?shù)時,使用連字符號。

錯誤: A two thirds vote was necessary to carry the measure.

正確: A two-thirds vote was necessary to carry the measure.

3). 由前綴 ex 、 all 、 self 、 semi 或后綴 elect 構(gòu)成的詞語,前綴或后綴和主體之間應(yīng)有連字符號。

錯誤: The president elect was invited to chair the meeting.

正確: The president-elect was invited to chair the meeting.

4). 如果把復(fù)合形容詞放在所修飾詞語的前面,則該形容詞各部分應(yīng)由連字符號分開。

正確: The no-holds-barred argument continued into the night.

5). 專有名詞或形容詞前添加前綴,兩部分應(yīng)由連字符號隔開。例如:

錯誤: His pro African sentiments were heartily applauded.

正確: His pro-African sentiments were heartily applauded.

6). 如果復(fù)合構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)成的詞語容易與其他詞語混淆,或者導(dǎo)致元音字母相鄰,則應(yīng)用連字符號隔開。例如:

錯誤: Most buildings in the ghost town are recreations of the original structures.

正確: Most buildings in the ghost town are re-creations of the original structures.

錯誤: She took an antiinflammatory drug for her sports injury.

正確: She took an anti-inflammatory drug for her sports injury.

7). 用破折號表明思路的突然變化。

正確: To get a high score—and who doesn’t want to get a high score—you need to devote yourself to prolonged and concentrated study.

5 .撇號-----請遵循以下 3 大規(guī)則:

1). 表明動詞縮寫,但是在作文開始中應(yīng)盡量避免縮寫。

2). 表明名詞所有格。

3). 代詞都另有單詞表示其所有格,比較特殊的是中性詞 one ,其所有格為 one 加上撇號和 s 。

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