SAT寫作要注意的標(biāo)點符號
2025-06-26 11:29:06 來源:中國教育在線
1 .逗號-----請遵循以下 4 大規(guī)則:
1). 用逗號分開系列成分。如果有 2 個以上相同成分,則應(yīng)用逗號分開;例如:
My recipe for buttermilk biscuits contains flour, soda and buttermilk.
2). 使用逗號來分開插入從句和短語;例如:
Gordon, who is a writer by profession, bakes an excellent cheesecake.
3). 在引導(dǎo)性分詞或介詞短語后使用逗號;例如:
After the banquet, Harold and Martha went dancing.
4). 利用逗號來分開連詞連接的獨立從句。例如:
Susan’s old car has been belching blue smoke from the tailpipe for two weeks, but it has not broken down yet.
2 .分號-----請遵循以下 2 大規(guī)則:
1). 使用分號而不是并列連詞來連接兩個含義緊密的獨立從句;例如:
Whooping cranes are an endangered species; they are unlikely to survive if we continue to pollute.
2). therefore 、 nevertheless 和 moreover 等詞連接的獨立從句可用分號隔開。例如:
The staff meeting has been postponed until next Thursday; therefore, I will be unable to get approval for my project until then.
3 .冒號-----請遵循以下 3 大規(guī)則:
1). 在正式的寫作中,冒號的作用僅在于表明其后是對前面所述內(nèi)容的詳細(xì)說明、定義、解釋或過去發(fā)生事情的概述。冒號之前一般是獨立從句,并且通常情況下有 as follows 、 the following 、 namely 或 like 等提示短語。例如:
正確: Your instructions are as follows: read the passage carefully, answer the questions on the last page, and turn over your answer sheet.
2). 動詞和直接賓語間不要放冒號。例如:
錯誤: I want: a slice of pizza and a small green salad.
正確: This is what I want: A slice of pizza and a small green salad.
3). 如果前后兩句話有如上所述的緊密關(guān)系,即使沒有上述表示這層關(guān)系的短語,也可使用冒號,并且在這種情況下,句號也可用。例如:
正確: We were aghast: The “charming country inn” that had been advertised in such glowing terms proved to be a leaking cabin full of mosquitoes.
4 .連字符號和破折號-----請遵循以下 7 大規(guī)則:
1). 行末單詞分開時使用連字符號。例如:
正確: In this incredible canvas, the artist used only monochromatic elements.
2). 表示 21-99 這些數(shù)字和用作形容詞的分?jǐn)?shù)時,使用連字符號。
錯誤: A two thirds vote was necessary to carry the measure.
正確: A two-thirds vote was necessary to carry the measure.
3). 由前綴 ex 、 all 、 self 、 semi 或后綴 elect 構(gòu)成的詞語,前綴或后綴和主體之間應(yīng)有連字符號。
錯誤: The president elect was invited to chair the meeting.
正確: The president-elect was invited to chair the meeting.
4). 如果把復(fù)合形容詞放在所修飾詞語的前面,則該形容詞各部分應(yīng)由連字符號分開。
正確: The no-holds-barred argument continued into the night.
5). 專有名詞或形容詞前添加前綴,兩部分應(yīng)由連字符號隔開。例如:
錯誤: His pro African sentiments were heartily applauded.
正確: His pro-African sentiments were heartily applauded.
6). 如果復(fù)合構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)成的詞語容易與其他詞語混淆,或者導(dǎo)致元音字母相鄰,則應(yīng)用連字符號隔開。例如:
錯誤: Most buildings in the ghost town are recreations of the original structures.
正確: Most buildings in the ghost town are re-creations of the original structures.
錯誤: She took an antiinflammatory drug for her sports injury.
正確: She took an anti-inflammatory drug for her sports injury.
7). 用破折號表明思路的突然變化。
正確: To get a high score—and who doesn’t want to get a high score—you need to devote yourself to prolonged and concentrated study.
5 .撇號-----請遵循以下 3 大規(guī)則:
1). 表明動詞縮寫,但是在作文開始中應(yīng)盡量避免縮寫。
2). 表明名詞所有格。
3). 代詞都另有單詞表示其所有格,比較特殊的是中性詞 one ,其所有格為 one 加上撇號和 s 。
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